Archanthropus Arldt, 1915
Details
Year: 1915
Taxonomic Rank: Genus
Holotype: Neanderthal 1
Status: Invalid
Remark: Objective synonym
Remarks

Arldt (1915) established the genus Archanthropus in reference to neanderthals (see below). The genus is an objective junior synonym of Homo neanderthalensis (King, 1864).

Arldt (1915, p. 46) writes, 

"Damit haben wir die in der lebenden Menschenwelt noch vertretenen Entwickelungsstuffen erledigt. Die Leukodermen gruppieren sich in ihren altesten Formen hauptsachlich um Vorderindien, Westasien und Europa, die Malanodermen um Africa, die Xanthodermen um Ostasien und in den altesten Formen um Hinterindien bzw. den ostindischen Archipel. In den entsprechenden Gegenden mussten wir auch am ehesten Angehorige dieser Stamme aus der Archanthropus-Stufe zu finden erwarten, in Euopa aber am ehesten Verwandte der Leukodermen und nachstdem der Melandodermen. Tatsachlich zeigt ja nun die diese Stufe in Europa vertretende Neandertalrasse eine besonders auffallige Aehnlichkeit mit den plattschadeligen Australiern, sodass wir sie recht wohl dem gleichen Phylum wie diese zuordnen konnen, wenn wir auch uber die Behaarung dieser Rasse leider nichts Naheres wissen. " (p. 46)

Loosely translated this passage reads...

"With this we have finished the stages of development still represented in the living human world. In their oldest forms, the leukoderms are mainly grouped around the Middle East, West Asia and Europe, the malanoderms around Africa, the xanthoderms around East Asia and in the oldest forms around the rear India and the East Indian archipelago. In the corresponding areas we had to expect most likely to find members of these tribes from the Archanthropus stage, but in Europe most likely relatives of the leukoderms and then of the melandoderms. In fact, the Neanderthal breed, which represents this stage in Europe, shows a particularly striking resemblance to the flat-skulled Australians, so that we can assign them to the same phylum as these, although unfortunately we do not know anything about the hairiness of this breed." (p. 46)

Authorship Reference
Additional References
G. Bonarelli
Le razze umane e le loro probabili affinità
Bollettino della Società Geografica Italiana, 10(4), 953-979, 1909